Understanding members' carsharing (activity) persistency by using econometric model

Carsharing is an innovative travel alternative that has recently experienced considerable growth and become part of sustainable transportation initiatives. Although carsharing is becoming increasingly a popular alternative transportation mode in North America, it is still an under‐researched area. Current research is aimed at better understanding of the behavior of carsharing users. For every member, a two‐stage approach microsimulates the probability of being active in any month using a binary probit model and given that a particular member is active during a month, the probability of that member using the service multiple times using a random utility‐based model. The model is estimated using empirical data from one of the largest carsharing companies in North America. The model estimates reveal that the activity persistency of members is positively linked to previous behaviors for up to 4 months, and that the influence of previous months weakens over time. It also shows that some attributes of the traveler (gender, age, and language spoken at home) impact his or her behaviors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Development and evaluation of a statistically reliable traffic counting program

This paper reviews the existing procedures to compute the seasonal factors, growth factors, and the number of automatic traffic recorder stations (ATRs) for developing a statistically reliable traffic counting program. The review is based on, (i) theoretical evaluation of the procedures, (ii) analysis of the results obtained from applying these procedures to extensive real life data, and (iii) experience of past researchers with these methods. The paper primarily deals with existing statistical procedures for determining seasonal factors, since it is believed that these factors play the most important role in estimating Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADTs) from short counts. The procedure of cluster analysis (which is most commonly used to determine seasonal factors) is critically reviewed. The shortcomings of this method motivated the development of a different statistical procedure, based on regression analysis, to determine seasonal factors. It is shown that this newly developed method gives better results than the cluster analysis techniques. Furthermore, separate sections are dedicated to a thorough analysis of determination of number of ATR stations and computation of growth factors.     

An analysis of the determinants of children’s weekend physical activity participation

This paper examines the out-of-home, weekend, time-use patterns of children aged 5–17 years, with a specific emphasis on their physical activity participation. The impact of several types of factors, including individual and household demographics, neighborhood demographics, built environment characteristics, and activity day variables, on physical activity participation is analyzed using a joint nested multiple discrete–continuous extreme value-binary choice model. The sample for analysis is drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The model developed in the paper can be used to assess the impacts of changing demographics and built environment characteristics on children’s physical activity levels.     

基于AVR单片机和FPGA的舞蹈机器人控制系统硬件设计

介绍了一种能同时实现对2个直流电机伺服控制和对16个独立舵机调速控制的舞蹈机器人控制系统。采用了角度插值的舵机速度控制和节拍分割的舞蹈节奏控制方法,使机器人动作随音乐节拍变化自如且节奏感强。该舞蹈机器人在现场表演、比赛中性能稳定、表现突出。     

超声辅助提取生姜黄酮及其抑菌活性研究

为了开发利用生姜中黄酮类化合物，选取生姜为原料，采用超声波辅助提取技术，以乙醇为溶剂，乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声强度及超声温度为主要考察因素，通过L18（3^7）正交实验，确定了超声辅助提取生姜中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺为：以90％的乙醇水溶液为溶剂，在温度80℃，超声波强度80Hz，料液比1：20，提取时间50min的条件下提取2次，提取效率最高．采用滤纸片法研究了黄酮提取液对不同菌株的抑菌能力，结果表明，生姜黄酮对4种供试菌均有一定的抑菌效果，且对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的抑菌效果没有明显差异．     

季节性冻土地区客运专线路基基床结构优化

对季节性冻土地区客运专线的路基基床结构进行了优化,通过现场填筑试验证实优化后的路基基床填筑方案,即铺设两布一膜,上覆5 cm中粗砂,再铺设55 cm厚级配碎石达到了检验标准,可在所研究的工程中推广使用。同时提出采用C25纤维混凝土代替原设计8 cm沥青混凝土作为防水层,优化后的防水层在施工操作性和质量保证方面有较大优势。     

Trip Chain's Activity Type Recognition Based on Support Vector Machine

This paper focuses on support vector machine (SVM) based trip chain's activity type recognition. First, the time-series location information of person trip is processed to obtain the trip chain elements including moving processes and activities, and the activity options are extracted from the geographic information system (GIS) around the activity sites. Second, the activity features are drawn from spatio-temporal factors of trip chain to serve as the input feature vector of classifier. A SVM based one-to-one classifier is established and the method of one-to-one classifier voting is adopted to decide the most likely activity type from the activity options. Finally, the classifiers are trained with simulation data based on the Gaussian radial basis (RBF) kernel function and the multilayer perception (MLP) kernel function respectively, and then examined by cross validation. The result shows that in the one-to-one classifying scheme, the highest and lowest right recognition rate with RBF are 99% and 62%, and the corresponding results with MLP are 97% and 54%, respectively.     

街道交通整治研究思路及工程案例

街道交通重构是塑造功能多样性活力街区的有效途径。该文首先结合街道功能的更新,阐述了街道设计完善历程中的街道运动,包括街道瘦身计划、交通安抚计划和绿色街道计划,然后提出了街道交通整治的理念及目标,并结合工程实际案例加以论述。     

军事应用活动仿真建模研究

针对应用活动视图的不足,按照能力需求的分析思路,结合能力模型特点,提出了一种对应用活动视图规范化建模的方法,以详细描述能力模型的动态行为。同时,利用BNF将模型定义为XML格式文档,使模型文件具有良好的可读性、扩展性和重用性,并可以方便地向仿真模型实例转化,有利于实现模型可执行仿真。